In a study, researchers studied a Christian school by sitting in the back of a classroom and taking notes without interacting much with anyone, though they nodded and raised their hands when the teacher asked general class questions. The researcher is best referred to as a(n)

a. observer as participant.
b. participant as observer.
c. clinical researcher.
d. archival observer

a. observer as participant.

Explanation:

There are four major types of observational research of which one is observer as participant.

As researcher carrying out an observational research as an observer of participant , it enables the researcher to carry out observations by collecting data with limited interaction with the participants.

The researcher is recognized by the participants in the study as researcher and is also able to participate in group activities, put as much as possible tries to play a neutral role while carrying out the study.

Therefore, based on the illustration given in the question, the researcher is best referred to as an observer as participant.

what are the options?

manifest functions are the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern, while latent functions are those unrecognized and unintended consequences. to analyze the manifest functions of any social institution, we have to study its contribution to the continuation of a group, community, or society.