Matt lost his job two months ago when his company downsized its operations; despite his efforts, he has not yet found another job. One of his neighbors stated that Matt is just like most unemployed people -- irresponsible, unmotivated, and basically lazy. Matt’s neighbor is demonstrating which concept?

fundamental attribution error        

Explanation:

Fundamental attribution error: In psychology, the term "fundamental attribution error" is determined as a person's propensity to describe the other person's behavior on the basis of some internal factor, for example, his or her personality and therefore underestimates the external factors' influences, for example, situational influences that can have on another individual's behavior.

In the question above, Matt’s neighbor is demonstrating the concept of the fundamental attribution error.

debating and finalizing the detail of the policy

for many centuries there were important factors which the economies of the muslim empires developed increasingly. they applied economic procedures in production, investment, finance, taxation and property. they used to tax certain goods (for example: harvest), they charged interest on money lent, they signed contracts with merchants; they relied on a common currency, and they used checks as well as promissory notes. with the money collected by means of taxation, the government provided the needy with an income. in addition, trading networks covered huge distances, so far regions started to have contact and exchange goods. this trade network covered areas of asia, africa and europe.