To deal with 4-year-old Anne's temper tantrums at home and preschool, the behavior therapist trained Anne's parents and her preschool teachers to modify the problem behavior by using and , which are two techniques based on operant conditioning.

extinction; positive reinforcement                                                                                                                                                                    

Explanation:

Extinction: In psychology, the term "extinction" is described as a phenomenon in which a conditioned response becomes week gradually that often results in the disappearing or decreasing a particular behavior and eventually the "conditioned behavior" stops.

Positive reinforcement: In psychology, the term "positive reinforcement" is described as a phenomenon in which a specific subject is being provided with something when he or she performs the desired action so that he or she can associate that particular action with some reward and then he or she will do it more often.

In the question above, the given statement signifies extinction and positive reinforcement.