A senator, near the end of his first six-year term and running for reelection, made the claim: "Citizens of our state are thriving. While national unemployment levels have remained high, our state unemployment rate has been at astonishingly low levels for eleven years running. Clearly, everyone in our state has benefitted from the economical packages I have introduced during my time in the Senate. Therefore, grateful citizens of our state ought to vote for my second term."

This argument is most vulnerable to what criticism?

a) It takes a condition to be the effect of something that has happened only after the condition already existed.
b) It introduces several different types of evidence, not all of which are compatible with one another.
c) It conflates political conditions with economic conditions.
d) The economical packages introduced by the senator may not have been as beneficial to citizens of other states.
e) Even if what the senator is saying is true, it may not be in his self-interest to argue in favor of it.

a) It takes a condition to be the effect of something that has happened only after the condition already existed.

Explanation:

A senator, near the end of his first six-year term and running for reelection, made the claim: "Citizens of our state are thriving. While national unemployment levels have remained high, our state unemployment rate has been at astonishingly low levels for eleven years running. Clearly, everyone in our state has benefitted from the economical packages I have introduced during my time in the Senate. Therefore, grateful citizens of our state ought to vote for my second term."

This argument is most vulnerable to what criticism? It takes a condition to be the effect of something that has happened only after the condition already existed.The senator's argument says that the condition which is low unemployment in the state is the effect of his economic packages, but the condition existed before he ever had the chance to introduce those packages. That is the major flaw of this argument.

1. state-issued photo ids. provide them for free for those who can't afford them.

2. the system we have seems to be working nearly perfectly. seems like about 31 cases per billion votes cast

3. the national policy for hiring new employees which requires proof of eligibility to work. there are something like 20 types of identification which can be used for this.

can you explain a little further maybe give multiple choice? ?