Modernization and changes in the different levels of the ecological system in formerly
traditional societies have brought changes in gender roles across generations, making them more similar to those in "westernized" cultures. Researchers who examined the modernization of the Tiriki in Kenya and the Irigwe in Nigeria have observed that

a. female elders have lost status in their communities.
b. young men have lost status in their communities.
c. young women have gained status in their communities.
d. all of the above are true