Which of the following is an example of a stimulus-based definition of stress? A. Caroline experiences stress because she is home alone and hears unusual noises outside. B. Carrie experiences stress because she notices her car is almost out of gas and worries about being stranded on the highway, but then she feels better when she sees a gas station nearby. C. Grace experiences stress when she sees the coyote, but Mary thinks the coyote is a dog so she does not experience stress. D. Laura experiences stress because her heart rate increased when she noticed the spider.

The stimulus-based stress leads to a reaction due to stimulation of any event or circumstances leading to stress. Hence, option A is correct that is, Caroline experiences stress because she is home alone and hears unusual noises outside.

The situation of Caroline states that she is experiencing a threatening or fearful situation of being alone at home. The stress of Caroline is increasing as she lisitned to an unusual sound outside the house.

Therefore, the situation is triggering her psychological reactions to the situation which is leading to an increase in her vulnerable situation.

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A.

Explanation:

A stimulus-based model of stress defines stress as a stimulus. This means that certain events can trigger a person psychologically that makes them vulnerable to sickness. The model was developed by Holmes and Rahes in 1967.

From the given options the example of stimulus-based stress is option A. It is because Caroline is suffering from stress because of a life event, that is she is home alone. Since she is living alone at home she has developed stress and because of which she has developed a disorder of hearing unusual noises outside.

So, the correct answer is option A.