Adam, age 23, and Lauren, age 22, both of whom are students, live with Lauren's father, Jim. Jim provides more than half of the support for both Adam and Lauren. Adam has a part-time job in which he earns $6,000. The family lives in New York, a common law state. Which of the following statements is false?
a. Jim can claim Adam as a dependent. b. Lauren is a qualifying relative. c. Jim can claim Lauren as a dependent. d. If Adam and Lauren file married filing jointly, Jim can claim neither of them as dependents. e. All of these statements are true.

Donald was arrested for murdering an acquaintance. at the trial, donald takes the stand and testifies that he and the victim knew each other. he admits that they would drink and use drugs together. one night while partying, donald explains in his testimony, an argument got out of hand during a card game. donald explains that the victim accused him of cheating and pulled out a knife on him and started swinging it in the air. donald said that he had no choice but to pull out his gun and shoot the victim. the jury convicted donald of manslaughter. who would argue that donald weighed the potential costs and benefits of shooting the victim and decided to pull the trigger as a result of free will? a. a rational choice theorist b. a critical criminologist c. a conflict theorist d. a positivist