Which of the following statements is true regarding this experiment in regards to the nature of science (Scientific knowledge is based on evidence that is repeatedly examined, and can change with new information. Scientific explanations differ fundamentally from those that are not scientific)?

1. A single two-day diet and activity analysis experiment aligns with the nature of science as providing results that have been repeatedly examined.
2. A Two-day diet and activity analysis provides unchanging scientific findings for the long-term health outcomes of an individual.
3. The scientific merit of the experiment conducted would be increased by repeating the entire experiment several times.
4. Repeating an experiment such as this would rarely lead to discovering new information.

The correct answer is 3

Replications are several experimental trials with the same definitions of factors (levels). Replications are subject to the same sources of variability, independently of each other. You can replicate combinations of factor levels, groups of combinations of factor levels, or complete experiments.

For example, if you have three factors with two levels each and test all combinations of factor levels (full factorial design), a replication of the entire experiment would have 8 runs (23). You can choose to run the experiment once or with multiple replications.

The design of an experiment includes a step to determine the number of replications that must be performed.

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