It can be inferred that the dramatic increase in defense spending by Germany was the result of

Towards the end of the 19th century, Europe was a territory convulsed by constant confrontation between the great powers. The Russian expansionism, on the one hand, and the constant tensions with France, on the other, caused the German Empire to see the need to rearm after the unification in 1871.

The army became a central element of emerging imperial patriotism. Criticism of the military was seen as unpatriotic. During this period the Schlieffen concept emerged for a possible war on two fronts against France and Russia, and the armed forces were reinforced in the face of such a hypothesis.

Explanation:

answer; ///(c) i believe that the correct answer is ethnic relations bear many similarities across different global; good luck

as university of miami psychologists debra lieberman and adam smith pointed out in a recent article in the journal current directions in psychological science, humans have social and psychological mechanisms to deter incest. with very few exceptions, marriages between brothers and sisters and between parents and their children are verboten in every human culture. the primary psychological anti-incest mechanism is the yuck response. even the idea of sex with their mom or dad, bro or sis is upsetting to most people. the psychologist jonathan haidt has found that nearly everyone is repelled by the prospect of brother-sister sex, even in hypothetical situations in which there is no chance of pregnancy).

the biological cost of incest

this raises an interesting question: just what’s so bad about incest? sure, having sex with your dad or your sister seems gross — but why? some anthropologists have argued that incest taboos are learned social conventions. this explanation, however, doesn’t make sense to me as it does not explain the widespread existence of anti-incest mechanisms in creatures ranging from cockroaches to chimpanzees. second, the incest taboo is about as close to a universal law as human moral rules get.

why should mechanisms to avoid incest be so widespread both in nature and across human societies? the answer is simple. the problem with having sex close with relatives is that there is an astonishingly high chance that your offspring will be born with a serious birth defect.