Which best describes a similarity between how the Chinese Ming and Japanese Tokugawa governments viewed Jesuit missionaries?

They both felt that Jesuit missionaries were undermining the native religion.

They both saw Europeans as backwards and primitive, but mostly harmless.

They both regarded the missionaries as the first step to conquering Europe.

They both initially welcomed Jesuit missionaries for their potential links to Europe.
Who ever answers first will get

Read the following: (1) liz has become more responsive to her partner's advances since a really beautiful woman moved in next door; (2) unable to accept his desire for other young men, 15-year-old juan immerses himself into his studies; (3) shauntel tells people that her coworker mary dislikes her; though if she were honest, shauntel would realize that it is actually she who dislikes mary; (4) "ben's nasty; he's disgusting," says renee; but renee secretly finds ben attractive. describe the defense mechanism he or she is using.