A debt security is transferred from the held-for-trading portfolio to the available-for-sale portfolio. At the transfer date, the security's cost exceeds its fair value. What amount is used at the transfer date to record the security in the available-for-sale portfolio

Fair Value must be used to record the security.

Explanation:

The reason is that their is a loss due to decline in the fair value below the cost so it must be recognized in the financial statement. So the amount used at the transfer date be this fair value irrespective of whether the decline in value is temporary or permanent.

trade regulation is a field of law, often bracketed with antitrust (as in the phrase “antitrust and trade regulation law”), including government regulation of unfair methods of competition and unfair or deceptive business acts or practices. antitrust law is often considered a subset of trade regulation law. franchise and distribution law, consumer protection law, and advertising law are sometimes considered parts of trade regulation law.

in general the theory of economics says that the more open to trade a country is the better   the result for the same country and the whole economies.

in real life countries impose taxes, quotas, etc which is not so good for the economies.

this kind of commercial war between the usa and china is slowing down the growth of the whole world so we can say that it is a draw back of trade regulations. and the free trade agreements are benefits of trade regulations.

there are no options provided but you can choose among the following gender-neutral pronouns: zir, hir, eir, vis, tem, eir.

in the normal course of maintaining a pronoun-antecedent agreement, we could have used the words his or her but since we are also required to use gender-neutral language, we need to replace it with its equivalent gender-neutral pronoun.