Edward spends a lot of time studying for his exams. He usually takes practice exams when he studies. During his study time, he drinks a lot of soda and coffee. When he takes his actual exams in class, he is frequently bothered by a strong urge to have soda or coffee. What is the conditioned response (CR) in this scenario?

C. craving soda and coffee

Explanation:

The conditioned response for the  strong urge for coffee or soda is the craving for soda and coffee. Classical conditioning involves the associations of an unconditioned, unrelated stimulus to a conditioned stimulus in order to elicit a conditioned response. During studying, Edwards has associated taking coffee or soda (conditioned stimulus) with writing exams (unconditioned stimulus) which then elicits a craving for coffee and soda (conditioned response) during exams.

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