What was the goal of the Crusades? to drive the Sejuk Turks from Constantinople to convert Muslims in the Middle East to Christianity to retaliate against Jews who had captured Jerusalem to take back the Holy Land from the Muslims

To take back the Holy Land from the Muslims.

Explanation:

The Crusades was a military or religious wars fought between the Muslims and Christians mainly over the issue of controlling the holy lands of their religious beliefs. This group of 'fighters' who constitute the crusaders, saw campaigns being organized by the Christian believers to try to secure their holy lands.

One of the main or primary goal of the Crusades was to reclaim the Holy land of eastern Mediterranean region from the Muslims. This religious wars are a means of retaliation from the Christian side to ensure the spread of Islam is curbed.

the chair is the committee member from the majority party who has the most seniority. in the south carolina senate, the chair is the committee member from the majority party who has the most committee seniority.