According to the text, when critics of the experimental method raise the point that many experiments are "artificial" and that results cannot be generalized to any meaningful situation outside the lab, they are expressing a concern about which type of experimental validity?

I believe the answer is content validity.

Explanation:

There are four main types of experimental validity when it comes to quantitative research: construct, content, face, and criterion. Content validity is the one that takes into consideration how efficiently the test represents what it aims to measure. If a situation is artificial during the test, it fails to represent spontaneous and meaningful situations outside the lab. That undermines the experiment's content validity.

d is the correct answer.

b is incorrect because it makes food by itself

c is incorrect because us humans don't know how to produce their own food using the sun like plants.

a is incorrect because consumers can depend on carnivores for eating food for consumers to eat the dead organism. same thing with omnivores.

well its not not rising unemployment and falling inflation.

hope this good !