How are the indian ocean and the sub-saharan african trade routes similar?
a. both connect europe, africa, and the americans.
b. both were used by mongols to expand their empire.
c. both contributed to the collapse of the roman empire.
d. both expanded the regional exchange of goods and ideas.

When comparing the northern and southern hemisphere, why are the peak maximum and minimum values of insolation at different times of the year? specifically, why is the peak max of incoming solar radiation in june for the northern hemisphere, but in december for the southern hemisphere? pick the best, most complete answer. because of variations in the incident angle of solar radiation, due to the tilt of earth's axis, the northern hemisphere receives more direct solar radiation in june while the southern hemisphere receives less direct solar radiation. the reverse is true in december. because of earth's tilt, as the earth progresses in its revolution around the sun, the northern hemisphere is relatively closer to the sun in june while the southern hemisphere is relatively farther from the sun. the reverse is true in december. because of earth's elliptical orbit, the northern hemisphere is relatively closer to the sun in june/july while the southern hemisphere is relatively farther from the sun. the reverse is true in december. because of variations in the incident angle of solar radiation and the length of day, due to the tilt of earth's axis, the northern hemisphere receives more direct solar radiation and has longer daylight hours in june while the southern hemisphere receives less direct solar radiation and shorter daylight hours. the reverse is true in december.

Ageneral requirement for informed consent is that no informed consent may include any exculpatory language. exculpatory language is that which waives or appears to waive any of the subject’s legal rights or releases or appears to release those conducting the research from liability for negligence. which of the following statements in a consent form is an example of exculpatory language? taking part in the research is voluntary, but if you choose to take part, you waive the right to legal redress for any research-related injuries. your participation in this research is voluntary. if you choose not to participate, or change your mind later, your decision will not affect your relationship with the researcher or your right to other services that you may be eligible for. in the event of any distress you may have related to this research, you will be given access to appropriate resources. the researcher may stop you from taking part in this research without your consent if you experience side effects that make your emotional condition worse. if you become too emotionally distressed during the research, you may have to drop out.

The president of american systems announces that all employees will be going on a trip to san francisco. some employees like the idea and some don't. according to the component of attitudes, these evaluations reflect the feelings of the employees.