Inflation and unemployment (recessions and depressions) are the results of in the business cycle and the growth trend line..

Fluctuation

Explanation: Fluctuations are changes in the different factors/ parameters like unemployment, inflation, recession and depression in the business cycle and growth trend line. Fluctuations are caused by market forces like demand and supply,rise in income level,rise in Government spending etc. Fluctuations can be controlled using different economic policies depending on the caused. In an economy fluctuations can not be completely avoided as they are expected to happen from time to time.

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