In the 1980's it was generally believed that congenital abnormalities affected about 5% of the nation's children. some people believe that the increase in the number of chemicals in the environment has led to an increase in the incidence of abnormalities. a recent study examined 384 children and found that 46 of them showed signs of an abnormality. is this strong evidence that the risk has increased?

It is a strong evidence that the risk has increased

Explanation:

From the result of the recent study, the risk of congenital abnormalities has increased. In 1980, about only 5% of national children were believed to be affected. However, results from the recent study showed an increase to about 12%

i.e. (46/384) x 100 =  11.97%.

Additionally, assuming the sampling was random, According to the summary statistics attached, the p- value is smaller than the significance level, thus you can concluded that there is significant increase in risk

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