Kelly buys only high-priced jeans and expensive sport shoes endorsed by her favorite entertainers. also, her attitudes and values are shaped by specific statements made by these celebrities. she also supports causes and charities the celebrities endorse. this illustrates how consumer decision making is influenced by:

a. marketing mix variables.
b. cognitive dissonance.
c. a reference group.
d. primary group identification

C. A reference group

Explanation: I believe this is the answer because Kelly's actions and attitudes are based off of what statements her favorite celebrities have made , and a reference group are a group of people like celebrities or heroes ( these are the most common ) that you try to be like, support, care for, or reference you self too. And in this case Kelly buys shoes and jeans that her favorite celebrities wear or like , along with supporting charities. This is because she wants to be like them.

cause you are attracted to the features of girls or if you are a boy you are attracted to the features of a boy.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.