Which of the studies described below would not be considered a type of narrative research?

a. this study describes characteristics of the population of at-risk students who attend a large urban elementary school.
b. this study is a history of the researcher's life written by the researcher as he describes becoming a new principal.
c. this study addresses the personal life experiences of a new teacher as she starts her first year of college teaching.
d. this study collects the stories of native american children as they participate in the extracurricular activities of the school on the reservation.

Voters commonly condemn politicians for being insincere, but politicians often must disguise their true feelings when they make public statements. if they expressed their honest views—about, say, their party's policies—then achieving politically necessary compromises would be much more difficult. clearly, the very insincerity that people decry shows that our government is functioning well. which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines this reasoning? (a) achieving political compromises is not all that is necessary for the proper functioning of a government. (b) some political compromises are not in the best long-term interest of the government. (c) voters often judge politicians by criteria other than the sincerity with which they express their views. (d) a political party's policies could turn out to be detrimental to the functioning of a government. (e) some of the public statements made by politicians about their party's policies could in fact be sincere.