What were southern states required to do before applying for readmission to the union following the civil war?

The Southern states were required to ratify the fourteen amendment to the constitution, which legalized the citizenship of African American and prevent states from making discriminatory laws against them.

After a complete surrender, at least 10% of the states voters had to swear to an oath of allegiance to the Union. Some leader of the rebellion we were arrested, while the majority were pardoned. Political rights were given to those who sought pardon.

the invasive species was introduced due to commercial purpouses, as there was a demand for fur clothes and hence, a business opportunity connected to this product. actually, it was when the nutrias scaped, causing harm to the us ecosystems when they acquired the status of invasive species. in this case they have caused an environmental problem, but it could have affected also economic interests or even human health.

you probably know the answer. stop asking stupid questions and making me waste my time. j.k. ; )   b.t.w. what are three ratios equivalent to 5 : 11? thx