"nine-year-old ella has learned to speak formally with the adults in her life and informally with her friends. because she adjusts her use of language to her audience and the context, ella has learned an aspect of language called "

Pragmatics.

Explanation:

Pragmatics is the branch of linguistics that contributes to the use of language and gives context to the language. It studies the intent of the speaker, metaphors, speech acts and other approaches of the language in physical and social context. It drives the meaning of language by taking into consideration the time, place, and manner of the words, used in a language.

Ella adjusting language behavior according to the personal and social context signifies to the pragmatic aspect of language.

d

explanation:

civil rights vs. civil liberties. civil liberties are basic freedoms while civil rights are the basic right to be free from discrimination based on such characteristics as race, disability, color, gender, national origin, and others. discriminating against an employee on the basis of gender is a civil rights violation.

first of all, it's important to say that the book we shall not be moved, written by joan dash, is about the first strike of women in the united states in the year 1909. the best historical detail to clarify the reader's undertanding is the phrase "general strike". this strike involved women working at a garment factory who decided to protest   long working hours, low wages and brutal conditions. this strike became known as "the new york shirtwaist strike" or "the uprising of the 20,000". the strike mostly involved jewish women who did not speak english or who had a basic knowledge of the english language. finally, the strike went on from november 1909 until february 1910.