Julianna is a nine-year-old child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. her mother was a chain smoker even after julianna was conceived. which of the following factors is chiefly responsible for her condition?
a. julianna has one form of a dopamine gene but not the other.
b. julianna has abnormal brain growth rate.
c. julianna consumed excess amounts of sugar as an infant.
d. julianna inherited both forms of a dopamine gene from her mother.
e. julianna has one form of a dopamine gene but not the other

The correct answer is a) Julianna has one form of a dopamine gene but not the other.

Explanation:

In neurodevelopmental disorders, there is attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; it is usually observed in people who have difficulty paying attention, excessive activity, do not often measure the consequences of their actions before acting, and also show problems To regulate your emotions.

Symptoms usually occur in children before the age of twelve, and the signs can be observed steadily for six months; for a diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, it should be taken into account that the signs follow the criteria established in the DSM-IV or ICD-10.

The exact causes of why attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is still unknown, according to studies so far, talk about different factors that are relevant for this disorder in children. Among the causes are genetic factors and nicotine exposure during pregnancy, but parenting styles are not appropriate.

Genetics is one of the leading causes of the disorder, which usually involves different genes, especially dopamine neurotransmitters, so treatments are generally stimulants or dopamine receptors.

For example, in Julianna's case, she has problems with dopamine receptor genes, and possibly her treatment is for the stimulation of dopamine neurotransmitters.

I hope this information can help you.

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