Friends have told spencer that they've seen his girlfriend on what looked like dates with someone else, but spencer never seems to hear what they are saying. spencer is likely a(n)
a. pseudolistener
b. insulated listener
c. defensive listener
d. selective listener

b) Insulated listener

Explanation:

The term insulated listeners refers to people who actively avoid or ignore certain topics. This means that when such topic arises in the conversation, they turn off and don't listen to it.

In this example, Spencer friends have told him that they've seen his girlfriend on dates with someone else. However, Spencer never seems to hear what they are saying.

This is a sensitive topic that Spencer prefers to avoid, so when his friends tell him about it, he "turns off" and he doesn't seem to hear what they are saying.

Thus, Spencer is likely an Insulated listener.

Note:

a) Pseudo listeners refer to listeners who seem like they are paying attention to you but they actually aren't.

c) Defensive listeners take every comment as an offence to themselves.

d) Selective listeners will only listen to what it's of interest to them and will ignore the rest of the message.

changes in factors like average income and preferences can cause an entire demand curve to shift right or left. this causes a higher or lower quantity to be demanded at a given price. demand curves relate the prices and quantities demanded assuming no other factors change. it is important for consumers to know this information, because it is crucial for them to know what they can afford and can't afford. i hope this .