Public opinion poll was administered to 50 people before the election of president barack obama. polls taken before election night showed 50% of the people polled believed barack obama would be elected president. after the election results, the same people were asked if they believed barack obama would be elected president, and this time 75% of the people said yes. this may be an example of bias. a) transientb) hindsightc) egocentricd) stereotypical

correct option is b) hindsight

Explanation:

given data

before = 50 %

after = 75 %

solution

as we know that 50 % of people say yes for elected President as Barack Obama and after result same people say 75 %

so we can say that this is an example of hindsight because hindsight bias is  that type of they pre disposition to assert outcome and event simply predictable already once happen like sporting and political event or prophecies

we can also say here it is overestimation of one is capability to foresee outcome

and we have given that after result outcome of the election more number of  people agree that they also predict correct

so here we can say that correct option is b) hindsight

the earth’s crust is broken into separate pieces called tectonic plates (fig. 7.14). recall that the crust is the solid, rocky, outer shell of the planet. it is composed of two distinctly different types of material: the less-dense continental crust and the more-dense oceanic crust. both types of crust rest atop solid, upper mantle material. the upper mantle, in turn, floats on a denser layer of lower mantle that is much like thick molten tar.

each tectonic plate is free-floating and can move independently. earthquakes and volcanoes are the direct result of the movement of tectonic plates at fault lines. the term fault is used to describe the boundary between tectonic plates. most of the earthquakes and volcanoes around the pacific ocean basin—a pattern known as the “ring of fire”—are due to the movement of tectonic plates in this region. other observable results of short-term plate movement include the gradual widening of the great rift lakes in eastern africa and the rising of the himalayan mountain range. the motion of plates can be described in four general patterns:

collision: when two continental plates are shoved together

subduction: when one plate plunges beneath another (fig. 7.15)

spreading: when two plates are pushed apart (fig. 7.15)

transform faulting: when two plates slide past each other (fig. 7.15)