Arthur did not work very hard on his last class essay assignment, so he was relieved at first to find that he had gotten a c. but when he learned that most of his classmates had gotten b's and a's, he felt unhappy and angry about his grade. arthur's experience is best explained in terms of

the relative deprivation principle                        

Explanation:

Relative deprivation theory or principle: Developed by Samuel Stouffer during World War II.

Relative Deprivation Theory: The theory explains the view of social movements and change, in which different individual takes action for a social change to obtain something like status, wealth, etc that other individual already have and they tend to believe that they should possess too.

In other words, everyone is surrounded by people whom they idealize and with whom they compare themselves and relative deprivation occurs when a person feels inferior to the person he or she idealizes and this often leads to aggression and frustration.

a. he allowed the people he conquered to keep their customs and religions.

he captured babylon and freed the jewish people to return to judah.