In psychologist lawrence kohlberg’s theory, during the level, children’s perceptions are based on punishment and obedience. evil behavior is that which is likely to be punished; good behavior is based on obedience and avoidance of unwanted consequences.

First.

Explanation:

Kohlberg did some studies on morality and proposed a theory on moral development.

Kohlberg defined three different levels of morality (and each level consists in 2 stages). These levels are:

In the preconventional level, the person's morality is externally controlled and therefore acts based on what the punishment will be (1st stage) or based on how good will it be for him/her to act in some way (2nd stage)

The conventional level stages also have to to with external controls but now the person thinks in function of ensure positive relationships and societal order. The third stage here depends on the approval of others. The fourth stage has to do with accepting rules because they preserve the society order  and functioning.

The postconventional level stages are defined in more abstract principles or values. The 5th stage sees the world as a place with different values that must be respected. Finally the 6th stage is based in universal ethical abstract principles.

In this case, the level in which children's perceptions are based on punishment and obedience are the ones from the first level (preconventional) and the first stage of that level.

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- jack watson