By paying college students a subsidy equal to the external benefit from a college education, the government will cause students to internalize the externality. that is, the external benefit from a college education will become a
(a) social benefit received by producers, and the supply curve for college educations will shift up.
(b) social benefit received by producers, and the supply curve for college educations will shift down.
(c) private benefit received by college students, and the demand curve for college educations will shift down.
(c) private benefit received by college students, and the demand curve for college educations will shift up

Private benefits received by college students and the demand curve for college education will shift up.  

Explanation:

Subsidies started in 1800. The student's subsidy was started around world war II. These subsidies aid programs aim to help students. It is processed in which the higher tea payer will pay the tax and that tax used in education services for the student. It is related to demand and supply. But there are most of the federal subsidy suffered from a large amount of fraud, waste, and abuse. Health institution, Medicaid, school lunches all suffers from these heavy downfalls and a large amount of fraud and waste of subsidy.

hello,

answer: a federal government has final authority on interstate/inter provincial  and international affairs, a confederation is one where the central/national government or authority is governing body what does not have final say over the same matters. hopefully this and i will try again if you don't like this answer : )

best of luck!