Which goals in the preamble have we achieved and why? which goals in the preamble have we not yet achieved and why?

answer:

although the preamble is not a source of power for any department of the federal government,1 the supreme court has often referred to it as evidence of the origin, scope, and purpose of the constitution.2 “its true office,” wrote joseph story in his commentaries, “is to expound the nature and extent and application of the powers actually conferred by the constitution, and not substantively to create them. for example, the preamble declares one object to be, ‘provide for the common defense.’ no one can doubt that this does not enlarge the powers of congress to pass any measures which they deem useful for the common defence. but suppose the terms of a given power admit of two constructions, the one more restrictive, the other more liberal, and each of them is consistent with the words, but is, and ought to be, governed by the intent of the power; if one could promote and the other defeat the common defence, ought not the former, upon the soundest principles of interpretation, to be adopted? ”3

explanation:

b) to encourage free trade