What are the four (4) different marketing orientations or philosophies that have emerged during the past century?

The four philosophies that have an influence in marketing are production, sales,marketing and societal marketing orientation.

Explanation:

These philosophies plays a major role in how the marketing operates.

The production orientation

This philosophy is concerned with achieving discounts prices for costumers.

The presumption of this philosophy is that price is a factor which determines if consumers will buy the product.

A sales orientation assumes

This philosophy focuses on persuading customers to purchase those products that they may feel are not crucial to them.

The marketing orientation

This philosophy states that purchasing a particular product is dependent on how the customer sees value of that product.

Marketing orientation focuses on making sure that the business caters to what the customers wants.

The societal marketing orientation

Is the philosophy that deals with satisfication of the customers while sticking to the objectives of the business and establishing long term interest for society .

well, there are a lot of places we get information about earth from. like science classes, websites, books, newspapers, etc.

i think it is the third one.