chris is a theory x manager who spends most of his time scrutinizing how his subordinates do their jobs. the employees often call their union representative to complain about him. chris's behavior is an example of how can cause conflict within an organization. a) organizational changeb) value and culture clashesc) poor communication skillsd) adversarial management

The correct answer is D) adversarial management.

Chris is a Theory X manager who spends most of his time scrutinizing how his subordinates do their jobs. The employees often call their union representatives to complain about him. Chris's behavior is an example of how adversarial management can cause conflict within an organization.

This adversarial management technique can cause so much detrimental to the confidence of the workers. Instead of letting them do their job, Chris scrutiny is putting extra pressure on the workers who feel harassed by Chris' attitude. That is why they are complaining about their union representatives.