Agroup of ray's friends have been waiting for ray for an hour. one says, "he never remembers anything." another says, "he's probably caught in rush hour traffic." what are these friends doing that might be of interest to a social psychologist?

a. They are making attributions.                    

Explanation:

Fritz Heider has given the attributions theory in psychology during the 20th century. Attribution theory is defined as the way people describe their behavior or conduct and that of others. As per this theory, people make attributions to explain the external or psychological cause in determining behavior. Attribution bias occurs when people assess reasons for other's and their behavior, also known as a cognitive bias.

According to Fritz Heider, factors that affect attributions are: task difficulty, efforts, luck etc.

answer; i believe the correct answer is norming;

rain should be the answer.