Mcculloch v. maryland established the principle thata. as long as the national government does not violate theconstitution, its policies take precedence over state policies. b. the national government has certain implied powers beyond those specified in the constitution. c. the constitution permits congress to use all means "necessary and proper" to fulfill its duties. d. acting within its sphere, the national government can preempt state policies. e. all of the above

e. All of the above

Explanation:

The conflict of the McCulloch v. Maryland case (1819) originated when James W. McCulloch, a cashier of the Baltimore branch of the bank, refused to pay a tax that the state of Maryland had imposed on The Second Bank of the United States.

Once in Court, the state of Maryland appealed that the establishment of the Second Bank was unconstitutional because the Constitution didn't say anything about granting that power to Congress.

However, the Supreme Court sided with McCulloch: it ruled that Congress indeed had the power to establish a national bank as one of its "implied powers" (B) supported by Section 8 of Article I of the U.S. Constitution which permits Congress to use all means "necessary and proper" to fulfill its duties (C); and it also asserted that the Constitution's laws were supreme and could not be controlled by the states, and by this it established the principles that the government's policies take precedence over state policies (A) and that it can preempt state policies (D).

answer; //it is discrimination to treat you unfairly compared to someone else,because of religion,race or

answer:

d. because dr. laguardia selected a widely used measure, his study generalizes to has strong external validity. external validity has limited external validity. other applications of this measure.

the widely used measure that he applied to his experiment was the benton facial recognition test. it employed on to football players and as result, only players who suffered brain concussions did not pas this test. and although it has an external validity, it is limited because it isn't general to apply to other population.