Acomparative study of immigrant groups by robert schrauf demonstrates that strongly predicted whether those groups would retain their native language over long periods of time.

living in clean communities and retaining religious rituals

Explanation:

Research among groups of immigrants to the United States and Canada has isolated a number of possible factors for both loss and persistence of the mother tongue in subsequent generations. These include practice of the religion of the homeland, residential concentration, within-group marriage, occupational specialization, visits to the homeland, and others.

First, Schrauf assessed the degree to and retaining religious rituals strongly predict retention of the mother migrant groups in North America?

The language is the central marker of ethnic identity within minority groups.

Another enduring debate in the context of ethnic studies and research on heritage languages is the question of whether ethnocultural persistence and heritage language maintenance represent an obstacle to social mobility and economic integration. Some researchers have argued that because new immigrants seek out their ethnic communities in the new society, and since opportunities for mobility and economic success are fewer and farther between within smaller ethnic enclaves, social mobility and success are put even further out of reach because new arrivals immerse themselves in the community, culture, and language .

mali had been a state inside of the ghanaian empire. after ghana fell because of invading forces and internal disputes, mali rose to greatness under the leadership of a legendary king named sundiata, the "lion king." the songhai empire, already weakened by internal political struggles, went into decline.