Hutton and lyell’s concept of suggests that the earth is constantly being shaped and reshaped by natural forces that have operated over a vast stretch of time.

"uniformitarianism"

Explanation:

According to my research on the studies of Hutton and Lyell the concept described in the question is called "uniformitarianism". This concept also states the history of Earth as being vast and directionless, while the changes that occur on Earth have been uniformly made and with the same intensity throughout the history of time.

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a punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity. enforcement of norms or shared rules of conduct that tell people how to act in specific situations. social control. not everyone internalizes all of society's norms, and some people must be motivated by self-fulfillment.