Economists use the term fiscal policy to refer to changes in taxing and spending policies
a. by all levels of government, federal, state, and local.
b. only by the federal government.
c. only by state and local governments.
d. by none of the above.

B. Only by the federal government.  

Explanation:

Fiscal policy refers to  alterations in federal taxes and spending which are regulated by the federal government and that are intended to accomplish macroeconomic policy  goals. It began after the Great Depression, when the government was forced to intervene in macroeconomic conditions.

levels of production can be increased by technology while holding labor and capital constant, because increased technology makes the production process more efficient. subsequently, the lras curve is almost a vertical line, that can shift to the right, with an increase in technology.

the relationship between the lras curve and the ppc is that both can make the economy could grow. the ppc achieves that when it shifts outward because of more resources or technological advances while the lras curve shifts if more resources are developed or if there are technological advances.

the lras curve is a vertical line at an output level that represents the number of goods and services a nation can produce over a sustained period using all of its productive resources as efficiently as possible with all of the current technology available to it.

the production possibilities frontier (ppf) is a graphical device that is used for economic analysis of production decisions because the ppf measures the maximum possible combinations of two goods that an economy is capable of producing with its currently available resources and technology.