Acity imposes a mandatory "guild fee" on sales of handcrafted goods. this tax causes the supply curve for handmade mailboxes to shift from s1 to s2. the fee is in effect a tax paid by sellers, as a fixed amount on each mailbox sold. use the area tool to draw the area representing the consumer surplus after the tax. your answer should be a triangle with three corners.

this null effect is caused by a weak manipulation and ineffective internal validity. in a scientific study, as the one dr. morimoto is trying to perfom, internal validity refers to the confidence placed in the cause-effect relationship and to how well an experiment is done and able to eliminate confounding variables.        

abolish

do away with

unanimous

in complete agreement

secede

separate; break free

inauguration

starting a new position with a formal ceremony.

cooperationist

people who wanted the north to cooperate with the south

surrender

to give up

volunteer

perform a service for free

draft

involuntary service in military

retreat

withdraw; move away from enemy

advisor

expert who gives advice

explanation:

the chair is the committee member from the majority party who has the most seniority. in the south carolina senate, the chair is the committee member from the majority party who has the most committee seniority.