1) why has relying on one crop or resource presented an economic problem for many latin american nations? how have these nations been trying to solve this problem?

2) how might the cultures of latin america be different if the spanish and portuguese had never arrived? what kind of culture do you think would dominate the region today?

1) Let's take for example Colombia: it's reliance on coffee has sometimes caused it problems because  when in a given year the coffee harvest world-wide was successful, the selling prizes for cofee were low, which potentially lead to a poverty of the farmers. Because of this, Colombia has a number of organisations that try to help its farmers in harder years.

2) Without the conquest, it is likely that the indigenous languages and religions would still be practiced today and that the region would have a greater diversity

Sometimes but itt depends, their is a lot if drugs on campus too so you really can't just say that