What political centripetal or centrifugal. forces did the class experience as it traveled through europe

Which of the following is a major difference between appellate courts and courts of first instance? a. appellate courts do not use a jury, only judges. courts of first instance hold appellate jurisdiction exclusively. c. courts of first instance do not use judges and appellate courts do. d. appellate courts hear all criminal and civil cases and courts of first instance do not.