Which massachusetts community became a showplace due to its factory where large numbers of unmarried young women worked and lived?

The community is Lowell, where young, unmarried women from New England farms were hired to work in the textile industry.

The Lowell system at the time was considered to be more human compared to other factories or regions, since it paid in cash, hired adult women instead of children and provided educational opportunities (some women were able to move on to better jobs, for example, to become a nurse).

The system mentioned above worked well until 1830 when overproduction led the prices of finished products to decrease forcing workers to work harder at a fast pace.

Along the years, with working conditions deteriorating more and more, the Female Labor Reform Association was created in 1845 starting a long battle against the industry for better conditions.

the earth’s crust is broken into separate pieces called tectonic plates (fig. 7.14). recall that the crust is the solid, rocky, outer shell of the planet. it is composed of two distinctly different types of material: the less-dense continental crust and the more-dense oceanic crust. both types of crust rest atop solid, upper mantle material. the upper mantle, in turn, floats on a denser layer of lower mantle that is much like thick molten tar.

each tectonic plate is free-floating and can move independently. earthquakes and volcanoes are the direct result of the movement of tectonic plates at fault lines. the term fault is used to describe the boundary between tectonic plates. most of the earthquakes and volcanoes around the pacific ocean basin—a pattern known as the “ring of fire”—are due to the movement of tectonic plates in this region. other observable results of short-term plate movement include the gradual widening of the great rift lakes in eastern africa and the rising of the himalayan mountain range. the motion of plates can be described in four general patterns:

collision: when two continental plates are shoved together

subduction: when one plate plunges beneath another (fig. 7.15)

spreading: when two plates are pushed apart (fig. 7.15)

transform faulting: when two plates slide past each other (fig. 7.15)

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