Which statement concerning the president's cabinet is most valid?
a. it's members are elected by the voters.
b. it was established to the president perform his duties.
c. it's members have little real responsbility or authority.
d. it makes decisions that the president must follow.

Acriterion for waiving informed consent is that, when appropriate, subjects are provided additional pertinent information after the study. in which of the following studies would it not be appropriate to provide subjects with information about missing elements of consent: a study in which researchers told students that they would be given a quiz after reading some study materials when the researchers did not intend to use a quiz, but were attempting to focus subjects’ attention on the material. a study in which subjects were told that they performed in the third quartile on an anagram task when in reality students were randomly assigned scores that were not related to their actual performance. a study in which subjects were assigned to study activities based on an undesirable or unflattering physical characteristic as assessed by members of the research team. a study involving decision-making games in which subjects were led to believe that they were interacting with another student in another room, but were actually interacting with a computer programmed to provide consistent responses to all subjects.

Martha participates in a research study in order to receive extra credit for her psychology class. when she arrives in the research office she is given a can of what looks and tastes like beer, but which actually contains no alcohol. in the adjoining room martha's classmate karen is also participating in the study. karen receives a can of alcoholic beer. if the experiment was designed to test the effects of alcohol on concentration, then who is exposed to the independent variable?

The government of country a has determined there is a coal shortage based on mining reports. as a result of these data, the government decreases coal exports to other nations. access to information country a