If fiscal policies are intended to increase output, they are known as
a. mandatory spending.
b. expansionary policies.
c. contractionary policies.
d. discretionary spending.

I chose contradictory policies this refers to expanding withdrawals from the economy through lowering government costs, allocation of payments, or increasing taxes to decrease aggregate demand to reduce output and the economy.  This will decrease money supply as well as spending.

explanation:

may i ask what challenges?

hi there!

moors is essentially another word for muslims.

the moors invaded spain around year 700, during their time ruling spain the muslims promoted religious tolerance (moors tolerated jews who were viewed as outcasts by northerners), the moors as well had a great impact on their language, and architecture (palaces were created).

i hope this !