Melissa believes there is a correlation between temperature and the amount of crime in the city. she is more likely to take note of and remember incidents that support her belief even if the relationship does not actually exist. this is known as a(n) correlation.

This is known as an "illusory" correlation.

Illusory correlation is an essential idea in psychology. An illusory correlation is a conviction that two things are related at the point when there is no genuine affiliation.  

A false affiliation might be framed in light of the fact that uncommon or novel events are more notable and in this way tend to catch one's attention.This is one way stereotypes form and endure. Hamilton and Rose (1980) found that generalizations can lead individuals to expect certain gatherings and attributes to fit together, and after that to overestimate the recurrence with which these correlations really happen.

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