It is also called hanyu which comes from the name of the majority race called the

hanyu= 汉语= language of the Han. The Han are the main ethnic group in China composing 90%+ of the people. This word I also believe is more referring to Mandarin, but it can also refer to Chinese language as a whole.

Explanation:

permafrost layer, it exists beneath a layer of soil, rock or sediment.

answer; implicit memories explicit;