Rachel is training her dog, duke, to bark when there is a knock on the door. she already knows that squeaking a mouse toy will make duke bark automatically. so, she decides to squeak the mouse and knock on the door at the same time to condition duke to bark. what is the unconditioned stimulus?

Areal estate salesperson is often approached by home buyers of a particular race. his usual practice is to show them homes in neighborhoods where most of the residents are the same race as the buyers. he avoids showing these buyers properties in integrated areas. this is called:

Aresearcher is studying women recently admitted to a state prison. all potential subjects must have children under the age of five. research subjects will be given a basket of toys to use at their children’s first visit that the children can then take home. in assessing this proposal, the irb needs to determine that the toys are: age appropriate. not an excessive incentive. educational. of high quality.

Chris, a master at office gossip and innuendo, says, "we know we have a corporate spy someplace in the organization, probably on the management team itself. there is no evidence that it is audrey. in fact, she's too clean, if you know what i mean. somebody should fire audrey; she's got to be the spy." by making this argument chris is actually engaging in (a) an appeal to emotion fallacy (b) a straw man fallacy (c) an appeal to ignorance fallacy (d) circular reasoning (e) an appeal to the mob fallacy