What is the difference between civil and criminal law? how can the same action lead to both types of cases?

Criminal laws regulate crimes or wrongs committed against the government. Whereas, Civil laws regulate disputes between private parties.

Civil cases, on the opposite hand, are usually disputes between people concerning the legal duties and responsibilities they owe each other. If it were a civil case, then the wronged party would file the case. Criminal offenses and civil offenses are usually completely different in terms of their penalization.

Both the han and the roman empire decline as a result of social unrest during their collapse.