Dawud was at a party where pretty much everyone was intoxicated. although dawud would very much like to fit in with his peers at the party, he has been raised to believe that intoxication is wrong, and he can't bring himself to participate in the revelries. which part of dawud's personality, according to the psychodynamic model, has influenced dawud's choice to abstain from the drinking at the party?

The answer is, his "superego" has influenced his choice to abstain from the drinking at the party.

The superego is the moral segment of the identity and gives the ethical principles by which the ego works. The superego's reactions, forbiddances, and restraints shape a man's inner voice, and its positive desires and beliefs speak to one's admired mental self portrait, or "ego ideal”. Like in the given case Dawud is inclined towards intoxication but his superego which makes his moral and ethical component forbids this indulgence.

answer; opinion leaders;

it might look like that the ideal way to research the health effects of trans fats is through a controlled experimental feeding trial. but these kinds of trial have several important limitations that the researcher must look into:

short in duration (this factor usually checks up on the intermediary risk factors rather than the actual outcomes of the disease)

limited dietary changes

only makes use of healthy participants