France has recently banned people from covering their faces in public, which was widely understood to target muslim women from wearing full-face veils. this indicates that the cleavage is still salient in france.

world war i had a devastating effect on german-americans and their cultural heritage. up until that point   german-americans, as a group, had been spared much of the discrimination, abuse, rejection, collective mistrust experienced by so many different racial and ethnic groups in the history of the united states. indeed, over the years, they had been viewed as a well integrated and esteemed part of american society. all of this change with the outbreak of war.  

answer; (trauma);