The apparent backward movement of a planet is called
a. kepler's first law of motion.
b. heliocentric motion.
c. eccentricity.
d. retrograde motion.

An astronomer at the equator measures the doppler shift of sunlight at sunset. from this, she calculates that earth’s tangential velocity at the equator is 465 m/s. the centripetal acceleration at the equator is 3.41  10 2 m/s 2 . use this data to calculate earth’s radius.

Next a skier is pulled by a tow rope up a frictionless ski slope that makes an angle of 15 with the horizontal. the rope moves parallel to the slope with a constant speed of 0.69 m/s. the force of the rope does 800 3 of work on the skier as the skier moves a distance of 8.4 m up the incline. (a) if the rope moved with a constant speed of 2.2 m/s how much work would the force of the rope do on the skier as the skler moved a distance of 8.4 m up the incline? at what rate is the force of the rope doing work on the skier when the rope moves with a speed of (b) 0.69 m/s and (c) 2.2 m/s?

What is the average speed of a car that travels 40 mph for 1 hour and 60 mph in another hour?