Abattery is a device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy into electrical energy. a battery does work on electric charges to bring them to a position of higher electric potential energy so that they can flow through a circuit to a lower potential energy. the internal resistance of a battery decreases with decreasing temperature. the potential difference between the terminals of a battery, when no current flows to an external circuit, is referred to as the terminal voltage.

(Missing question is: which of the following statements are true?)

a) A battery does work on electric charges to bring them to a position of higher electric potential energy so that they can flow through a circuit to a lower potential energy --> TRUE
That's true: the battery does the work to move the charges to one end of its terminal thus creating a potential difference between the two terminals. Then, when it is connected to the circuit, charges start to flow to the terminal at lower potential (through the circuit)

b) the potential difference between the terminals of a battery, when no current flows to an external circuit, is referred to as the terminal voltage --> FALSE
This is false: when no current flows, it is called e.m.f. (electromotive force)

c) the internal resistance of a battery decreases with decreasing temperature 
--> TRUE
In fact, the dependence of a resistance with the temperature is:

with  being generally positive, therefore the value of the resistance is proportional to T, and when T decreases, R decreases as well.

d) a battery is a device that produces electricity by transforming chemical energy into electrical energy --> TRUEThat's true: a battery uses chemical reactions to create a potential difference between the two terminals that can be exploited to make charges flowing through a circuit.

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Ray 2 should cross through the focal point on the right side of the lens.