Downwelling is the process that moves cold, dense water from the ocean surface to the seafloor near the polar regions. how can downwelling affect the ocean water around the poles?

Protons and neutrons are found within the nucleus of an atom

Unpolarized light of intensity so passes through two sheets of polarizing material whose transmission axes make an angle of 60∘ with each other as shown in the figure. what is the intensity of the transmitted beam, st?

An initially unpolarized light if intensity 500 w/m^2 passes through four polarizers. the transmission axis between adjacent polarizers is 45∘. what percentage of the initial intensity is transmitted by the system?